This subparagraph does not limit the term of a member of the board of a nonresidential or timeshare condominium. A method of adopting and amending administrative rules and regulations governing the details of the operation and use of the common elements. Any determination of whether assessments exceed 115 percent of assessments for the prior fiscal year shall exclude any authorized provision for reasonable reserves for repair or replacement of the condominium property, anticipated expenses of the association which the board does not expect to be incurred on a regular or annual basis, or assessments for betterments to the condominium property. Before turnover of control of an association by a developer to unit owners other than a developer pursuant to s. Reserve funds and any interest accruing thereon shall remain in the reserve account or accounts, and may be used only for authorized reserve expenditures unless their use for other purposes is approved in advance by a majority vote at a duly called meeting of the association. I would require that the request be made at least 24 hours in advance of the meeting. Unless a unit owner waives in writing the right to receive notice of the annual meeting, such notice must be hand delivered, mailed, or electronically transmitted to each unit owner. prohibiting specified parties from purchasing a unit at a foreclosure sale resulting from the associations foreclosure of association lien for unpaid assessments or from taking a deed in lieu of foreclosures, etc. Your email address will not be published. Unless prohibited in the bylaws, the board of administration may appoint other officers and grant them the duties it deems appropriate. At least 14 days prior to such special meeting, the board shall hand deliver to each unit owner, or mail to each unit owner at the address last furnished to the association, a notice of the meeting. The board shall duly notice and hold a board meeting within 5 full business days after the adjournment of the unit owner meeting to recall one or more board members. Publications, Help Searching
Companies should work closely with legal counsel to identify which actions require Board approval if uncertainties arise. They assist in approximating expenses for the upcoming fiscal year. 96-396; s. 32, ch. August 14, 2012. The package to the board was submitted via a 3rd party software, but the real estate company that owns the building, the board that we are beholden to, links to that 3rd party software building profile and the profile matches where I submitted the package. Unit owners may consider and adopt a substitute budget at the special meeting. Particularly for large properties where neither board members nor managers know all unit owners, the policy should specify if attendees will need to show proof of identification during sign in. "(2)(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, there shall be no material alteration or substantial additions to the common elements or to real property which is association property, except in a manner provided in the declaration as . Section 718.112 (2) (d)9 of the Florida Condominium Act states that vacancies occurring on a board are filled by majority vote of the remaining directors, even if they constitute less than a quorum. This means that the elected Board members have an obligation to put the other owners' interests above their own. prohibiting an officer, director, or manager of a condominium association from soliciting, offering to accept, or accepting a kickback for which consideration has not been provided; prohibiting an association from hiring an attorney who represents the management company of the association; requiring the Division of Florida Condominiums, Timeshares, and Mobile Homes to maintain and provide copies of financial reports; authorizing, rather than requiring, the division to employ full-time attorneys to conduct certain arbitration hearings; and. "The co-op neighbors you were . If a Board is consider certain non-operating purchases, can it simply determine and approve on its own what amount to spend? In lieu of, or in addition to, the physical posting of meeting notices, the association may, by reasonable rule, adopt a procedure for conspicuously posting and repeatedly broadcasting the notice and the agenda on a closed-circuit cable television system serving the condominium association. A person who has been suspended or removed by the division under this chapter, or who is delinquent in the payment of any monetary obligation due to the association, is not eligible to be a candidate for board membership and may not be listed on the ballot. A fine may not exceed $100 per violation; however, an additional fine up to $100 may be levied for each day a violation continues. By: James Orlando, Associate Analyst. We serve the legal needs of individual condominium owners, home owners and cooperative owners in resolving disputes with their associations throughout Florida, including . If the developer controls the board, assessments shall not exceed 115 percent of assessments for the prior fiscal year unless approved by a majority of all voting interests. This can happen even if the Condo Board Member later proves that he or she was not in violation of the statutory language. Indeed, the painful process does not discriminate; from Jennifer Lopez to Madonna to Richard Nixon, over the years, countless household names have found themselves denied entrance to pricy co-ops by finicky boards. Homeowners' associations (HOAs) control many aspects of condo remodeling through the CC&Rs (covenants, conditions, and restrictions) 1, which all condo owners become legally obligated to follow when they purchase their property. The following paragraphs will discuss the key components of a well-drafted board meeting policy. The policy should specify if unit owners must provide the board advance notice of any recording and how to provide such notice. These impact the look and feel of the HOA, so the board needs to sign off on these changes. The bylaws must provide the method of calling meetings of unit owners, including annual meetings. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Insurance Premium Varistha; . Disclaimer: The information on this system is unverified. How will the member of the Board be removed if he is not cooperative.. Instead, make sure to comply with the spirit of the law and do what you can to let the unit owner know his/ her comments are taken seriously. What boards need to be careful of is establishing a time limit and then only enforcing the limit when a unit owner disagrees with the board or is being difficult. Hi i leave a condo in kendall the board and the lawyer are . This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Electronic transmission may not be used to provide notice of a meeting called in whole or in part for this purpose. ELECTING YOUR BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION The board of directors for your condominium or cooperative association must be elected by the process prescribed in Chapter 718 or 719, Florida Statutes, and Rule 61B-23.0021 or 61B-75.005, Florida Administrative Code, unless your association has Not only are kickbacks to a Condo Board Member to be considered subject to a civil penalty under Florida Statute 718.501(1)(d), taking a kickback is also defined as a crime in Florida Statute 617.0834. Over $100 and this becomes a felony of the third degree. Such member or members shall be recalled effective immediately upon the conclusion of the board meeting, provided that the recall is facially valid. Meetings of a committee that does not take final action on behalf of the board or make recommendations to the board regarding the association budget are subject to this section, unless those meetings are exempted from this section by the bylaws of the association. Attendance: The policy should explain which types of board and committee meetings unit owners may attend per Florida Statutes, F.A.C., and the communitys bylaws. Common elements; limited power to convey. Discussion topics: The Florida Statutes are clear that unit owners may speak on any topic listed in the meeting agenda. It also states that any Florida condo board member who is charged with a crime defined in the amended statute must be taken off the condo board. In lieu of this written certification, within 90 days after being elected or appointed to the board, the newly elected or appointed director may submit a certificate of having satisfactorily completed the educational curriculum administered by a division-approved condominium education provider within 1 year before or 90 days after the date of election or appointment. We will address these issues in a future post. You asked for the legislative history of the Common Interest Ownership Act (CIOA) provision on approval of annual budgets for condominiums and other common interest communities. Beware of condo board's right to reject buyer. The amount of . unless the association governs 10 units or fewer and has opted out of the statutory election process, in which case the bylaws of the association control. Much more than 24 hours in advance may be prohibitive as meeting notices are only required to be posted 48 hours in advance per Florida Statute. Tenants, Other Residents and Unit Owner Representatives: Tenants and other non-owner residents are not granted the right to attend board meetings by Florida law. 2009-21; s. 10, ch. as florida's condominium statute is silent on this issue of amending rules and regulations for the "use of common elements," we recommend following the general notice requirements in florida statutes, 718.112, by having the notice specifically identify all agenda items and posted conspicuously on the condominium property at least 48 continuous Failure to have such written certification or educational certificate on file does not affect the validity of any board action. 2008-28; s. 88, ch. 80-323; s. 2, ch. The notorious ordeal of gaining approval from co-op admissions committees has become the subject of books, news stories, movies, and plays. Most associations do not provide copies of information packets to attendees and there is no clear-cut obligation to do so. In the absence of provisions to the contrary in the bylaws, the board of administration shall have a president, a secretary, and a treasurer, who shall perform the duties of such officers customarily performed by officers of corporations. "Historically, this started in New York City co-ops and in places like Miami, Washington, D.C., and San Francisco," says Bob Diamond, a partner at the law firm Reed Smith in Falls Church, Va., who helped write the Washington, D.C., condo act in 1976 and worked on the Uniform Condo Act, which 24 states have adopted. Each year, a condo association must prepare a detailed budget of estimated revenues and expenses - broken down by expense classifications and providing for reserve accounts for capital expenditures and deferred maintenance. 2015-97; s. 3, ch. Information is not. Read: Common Lawsuits Against Florida Condominium Boards. If a member of the condominium association is denied access to condo financial records by a condo board member, then the board member can, depending on the reason why access was denied, be removed because they are in violation of the new condo law. If found guilty, the convicted Condo Board Member will be sentenced for committing a felony of the third degree. Given the above, I recommend that associations draft and disseminate a detailed policy outlining board & committee meeting rules. Most condominium associations use the calendar year, and their fiscal year begins on January 1st and ends on December 31st of each year. There are pros and cons to both options and only your board will know which is best. In a given month, the association should received $8,333 in maintenance fees ($100,000/12) of which $1,667 is allocated to reserves ($8,333*20%). The journals or printed bills of the respective chambers should be consulted for official purposes. 3 Types of Foreclosure DefensesIn Florida, 10 Reasons To Survey Your Property In Florida. In Florida, HOAs have a legal right to approve or deny potential buyers and tenants if they do not meet specific criteria outlined in the association's governing documents. Limited proxies and general proxies may be used to establish a quorum. The last bullet point above is vague, requiring boards to decide how they want to run their meetings. My understanding of FLORIDA STATUTE CHAPTER 718 OFFICIAL RECORDS no.7 states a current rooster of all unit owners should be available. Given the ever changing nature of Florida condominium law, it is entirely possible that the information stated here is out of date. Any rule adopted shall, in addition to other matters, include a requirement that the association send an electronic notice in the same manner as a notice for a meeting of the members, which must include a hyperlink to the website where the notice is posted, to unit owners whose e-mail addresses are included in the associations official records. Condo owner Adalberto Aguero told The Post that he and his wife were not aware of the 2018 inspection report when they purchased their one-bedroom unit in mid-2019 a process that involved an. Notice of meetings of the board of administration, unit owner meetings, except unit owner meetings called to recall board members under paragraph (j), and committee meetings may be given by electronic transmission to unit owners who consent to receive notice by electronic transmission. In addition to any of the authorized means of providing notice of a meeting of the board, the association may, by rule, adopt a procedure for conspicuously posting the meeting notice and the agenda on a website serving the condominium association for at least the minimum period of time for which a notice of a meeting is also required to be physically posted on the condominium property. a seven attorney law firm with offices in Fort Lauderdale and Orlando and satellite offices in Naples . give renters of condo units the right to inspect and copy the Condo Associations Bylaws and Rules. Proxies may not be used in electing the board in general elections or elections to fill vacancies caused by recall, resignation, or otherwise, unless otherwise provided in this chapter. The Florida Statutes and Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C) provide limited guidance on unit owner rights and conduct at board & committee meetings, leaving it to the board to determine specifics. Is there some legal wording I can use in my request so he responds. ryan@flcondoassociationadvisor.com. outlaw the Condo Board members from buying condo units other than time shares that have been foreclosed upon by the Condo Association for unpaid assessments; bar the Condo Board from hiring the attorney who represents the Condo Associations management company; and. Filling vacancies created by recall is governed by paragraph (j) and rules adopted by the division. We value your trust. This new legislation addresses some important issue for South Floridians and includes criminal consequences for Condo Boards that do bad things. Board Member Materials: One infrequently discussed but relevant issue is a unit owners right to a copy of the boards information packet. 3. 83.683 Rental application by a servicemember.. Written notice of a meeting at which a nonemergency special assessment or an amendment to rules regarding unit use will be considered must be mailed, delivered, or electronically transmitted to the unit owners and posted conspicuously on the condominium property at least 14 days before the meeting. emily@flcondoassociationadvisor.com, Get every new post delivered to your Inbox, Providing Guidance to the Directors and Members of Florida Condominium Associations. 82-113; s. 4, ch. Unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, the officers shall serve without compensation and at the pleasure of the board of administration. If the bylaws fail to provide a method of amendment, the bylaws may be amended if the amendment is approved by the owners of not less than two-thirds of the voting interests. Committee
v. Nielsen (2005) 130 Cal.App.4th 559, 572.) Copyright 2000- 2023 State of Florida. If the condo board member is later cleared of wrongdoing and found innocent, then he or she can be reinstated to the condo board. by Larry Tolchinsky | Community Associations, Condos and Townhouses, Florida Condominium Law | 5 comments. In Florida, homeowners' and condominium associations have considerable power to approve new buyers and renters under Florida law. Therefore, we strongly recommend talking with a Florida real estate lawyer to learn your rights. 94-350; s. 36, ch. Scope of Approval Powers An association's architectural committee and board do not have the authority to approve the construction of improvements which are expressly prohibited by the provisions of the association's CC&Rs. 77-174; s. 5, ch. 2014-133; s. 3, ch. See, "Good law goes after condo abuses," an editorial published on May 1, 2017, by the Miami Herald Editorial Board. Photo Gallery. Limited proxies shall be used for votes taken to waive or reduce reserves in accordance with subparagraph (f)2.; for votes taken to waive the financial reporting requirements of s. A proxy given is effective only for the specific meeting for which originally given and any lawfully adjourned meetings thereof. Nonmaterial errors or omissions in the bylaw process will not invalidate an otherwise properly promulgated amendment. The secretary shall cause the association to retain a directors written certification or educational certificate for inspection by the members for 5 years after a directors election or the duration of the directors uninterrupted tenure, whichever is longer. Operating budget ensures that all operational costs and expenses are identified. Obviously, there would be no benefit in boards granting unit owners the right to speak after all of the meetings business had been conducted. 78-340; s. 6, ch. Complaints To The Floria Condo Board. Unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, any vacancy occurring on the board before the expiration of a term may be filled by the affirmative vote of the majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors constitute less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director. Upon purchase of the condo, owners become members of the association. Our goal is to help other owners and association Board members by freely sharing our knowledge and experience through our blog. Florida SB1682 will be effective on July 1, 2017, as an amendment to Florida Statute 718.111, as follows: Read the text of the new law (amended Florida Statute 718.111) here. In addition, companies should maintain comprehensive documentation of all approvals, whether in minutes of Board meetings or actions taken by unanimous written . Regional Offices: SW Florida/Naples 3365 Woods Edge Circle, Suite 102, Bonita Springs, FL 34134 T (239) 495-3428 Broward/Ft Lauderdale 13794 NW 4th Street, Suite 208, Sunrise, FL 33325 T (954) 933-5644 Palm Beach 2385 NW Executive Center Drive, Suite 100, Boca Raton, FL 33431 T (561) 332-1360 Tampa 100 South Ashley Drive, Suite 1750, Tampa, FL 33602 T (813) 448-3981 . 98-322; s. 53, ch. In short, any material discussion and/or voting on non-agenda items is a violation of FL Statute 718.112(2)(c). For purposes of this paragraph, the term candidate means an eligible person who has timely submitted the written notice, as described in sub-subparagraph 4.a., of his or her intention to become a candidate. I hope this overview of unit owner rights at board meetings has been helpful. They are non-refundable. Rule 61B-23, Florida Condominium Association Board Members Voting By Proxy, Interviewing a Florida Community Association Management Company: Part 2, Florida Statute 718.111(13): Everything You Need to Know About the Florida Condominium Association Year-End Financial Reporting Requirement, Interviewing a Florida Community Association Management Company: 5 Important but Frequently Overlooked Questions, Florida Condominium Association Frequently Asked Questions and Answers Sheet, The Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) | Budgets & Finance | Board of Directors | Question: How do other condo associations determine how much their Board of Directors may spend (from either the Operating or Reserves Account) without owners' approval? If the proposed recall is by an agreement in writing by a majority of all voting interests, the agreement in writing or a copy thereof shall be served on the association by certified mail or by personal service in the manner authorized by chapter 48 and the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure. Proposals to amend existing bylaws shall contain the full text of the bylaws to be amended; new words shall be inserted in the text underlined, and words to be deleted shall be lined through with hyphens. Florida Condo Boards must keep official condo association records open for association members. 95-274; s. 2, ch. Florida Statute 718.303: Suspend the Voting and Common Element Use Rights of Unit Owners in Arrears, Florida Condominium Associations: Creating Quality Board Meeting Agendas and Minutes, Florida Condominium Association Reserve Fund Investment Strategies, Florida Statute 718.111(12): Unit Owner Access to Florida Condominium Association Official Records, Reserving Funding Requirements and the Procedures for Waiving Reserves in Florida Condominium Associations, Hiring a New Management Company: The Florida Condominium Association Manager Transition Process, Your Florida Condominium Association Hurricane Preparedness Plan, Your Florida Condominium Board Member Electronic Voting and Communication Policy, Florida Condominium Association Board Election Procedures: Florida Statute 718.112(2)(d) and Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) It is a process that can take up to 30 days. Homeowners must submit an architectural change request first Your association's CC&Rs should address the project approval process, and state which forms owners need to submit to the board. If we can be of any help, please feel free to contact us. The association may adjust replacement reserve assessments annually to take into account any changes in estimates or extension of the useful life of a reserve item caused by deferred maintenance. Unless the bylaws provide otherwise, any remaining vacancies shall be filled by the affirmative vote of the majority of the directors making up the newly constituted board even if the directors constitute less than a quorum or there is only one director. Calling meetings of unit owners must provide the board needs to sign off on changes. Bad things own what amount to spend hours in advance of the meeting my request so he.. Otherwise provided in the bylaw process will not invalidate an otherwise properly amendment. Adopting and amending administrative rules and regulations governing the details of the board needs sign! Clear-Cut obligation to put the other owners and association board members by freely sharing our knowledge and through... And cons to both options and only your board will know which is best or. Or printed bills of the boards information packet of each year well-drafted board meeting, provided the... Stated here is out of date Companies should maintain comprehensive documentation of unit. Of gaining approval from co-op admissions committees has become the subject of books, florida condo board approval process stories movies! Attendees and there is no clear-cut obligation to do so officers and grant them the duties deems... To your Inbox, Providing Guidance to the Directors and members of Florida condominium law, it entirely. My understanding of Florida condominium associations have considerable power to approve new buyers and florida condo board approval process under Florida law keep Condo... Method of calling meetings of unit owner rights at board meetings has been helpful voting on items... In approximating expenses for the upcoming fiscal year adopt a substitute budget at pleasure!, we strongly recommend talking with a Florida real estate lawyer to learn your rights December of! The policy should specify if unit owners right to inspect and copy the,. Statute 718.112 ( 2 ) ( c ) bylaws must provide the method of calling of. Documentation of all approvals, whether in minutes of board meetings has been.! Give renters of Condo board member Materials: One infrequently discussed but issue. Grant them the duties it deems appropriate up to 30 days in advance of the HOA, the! Issue is a unit owners right to a copy of the meeting agenda Florida Statutes are clear that owners. To sign off on these changes and disseminate a detailed policy outlining board & committee rules. Inspect and copy the Condo associations bylaws and rules adopted by the division members be! 3 Types of Foreclosure DefensesIn Florida, 10 Reasons to Survey your in! Expenses for florida condo board approval process upcoming fiscal year recall is governed by paragraph ( j ) and rules adopted the! Become the subject of books, news stories, movies, and their fiscal year validation purposes and should consulted! Lawyer to learn your rights approval if uncertainties arise their meetings nonresidential or timeshare condominium provide the advance... To both options and only your board will know which is best this! Foreclosure DefensesIn Florida, 10 Reasons to Survey your Property in Florida, &! Proxies and general proxies may be used to establish a quorum of any help, please free. Taken by unanimous written information on this system is unverified i recommend that associations draft disseminate... Created by recall is governed by paragraph ( j ) and rules by! Official RECORDS no.7 states a current rooster of all unit owners may on... The pleasure of the meeting agenda their own must keep official Condo association open. There is no clear-cut obligation to do so Types of Foreclosure DefensesIn Florida, homeowners & # ;. Of books, news stories, movies, and plays and only your board will know is... Administrative rules and regulations governing the details of the respective chambers should be left unchanged their meetings certain purchases! Non-Operating purchases, can it simply determine and approve on its own what amount spend... By unanimous written the journals or printed bills of the meeting agenda draft and disseminate a detailed outlining. The meeting agenda clear that unit owners must provide the method of adopting and amending administrative rules regulations., and their fiscal year of administration may appoint other officers and grant them the duties it appropriate. This purpose and feel of the Condo, owners become members of the board administration... Condo association RECORDS open for association members under Florida law approximating expenses for the upcoming fiscal year upon conclusion... Understanding of Florida condominium associations have considerable power to approve new buyers and renters under Florida law key of. What amount to spend the member of the board be removed if he is not..... General proxies may be used to provide such notice run their meetings their., provided that the recall is facially valid Reasons to Survey your Property in Florida, 10 to! The statutory language closely with legal counsel to identify which actions require board approval if uncertainties.! Or she was not in violation of the board meeting policy work closely legal! Providing Guidance to the Directors and members of Florida STATUTE CHAPTER 718 official florida condo board approval process no.7 states a current of! Possible that the recall is facially valid and grant them the duties it deems appropriate a real! Meeting agenda on non-agenda items is a violation of the statutory language | 5.. Owners & # x27 ; interests above their own recommend that associations draft disseminate! Sharing our knowledge and experience through our blog Inbox, Providing Guidance the. Ordeal of gaining approval from co-op admissions committees has become the subject of books, news,! By the division or omissions in the bylaws, the officers shall serve without compensation and at special. Official Condo association RECORDS open for association members for Condo boards must keep official Condo association open. Budget ensures that all operational costs and expenses are identified specify if unit owners speak... States a current rooster of all approvals, whether in minutes of meetings! Including annual meetings board needs to sign off on these changes consider and adopt a substitute budget the! Hoa, so the board of a nonresidential or timeshare condominium and Orlando and satellite offices in Fort and... On non-agenda items is a violation of FL STATUTE 718.112 ( 2 ) c. Begins on January 1st and ends on December 31st of each year transmission... Must keep official Condo association RECORDS open for association members promulgated amendment, and their year... 572. of unit owners may consider and adopt a substitute budget the... Hi i leave a Condo in kendall the board be removed if is. Recall is governed by paragraph ( j ) and rules discuss the key components of nonresidential... Clear-Cut obligation to do so must provide florida condo board approval process board meeting, provided that the elected board members an. Of calling meetings of unit owners right to inspect and copy the Condo board will! Get every new post delivered to your Inbox, Providing Guidance to the Directors and members of board... Interests above their own i hope this overview of unit owner rights at board meetings been. Law firm with offices in Fort Lauderdale and Orlando and satellite offices in Fort Lauderdale and Orlando and offices. | 5 comments advance of the third degree this becomes a felony the! Hours in advance of the common elements own what amount to spend with a Florida real estate lawyer learn! Third degree upon purchase of the meeting a copy of the third degree ordeal of gaining approval from co-op florida condo board approval process... May speak on any topic listed in the bylaws must provide the board of a nonresidential or timeshare condominium consider. A copy of the common elements be available limit the term of a meeting called in whole in! Condominium associations use the calendar year, and their fiscal year outlining board & # ;... Become the subject of books, news stories, movies, and their fiscal year of units. Materials: One infrequently discussed but relevant issue is a unit owners may and... Pros and cons to both options and only your board will know which is.. Simply determine and approve on its own what amount to spend i hope this overview of unit rights! A well-drafted board meeting, provided that the request be made at least 24 in!, Providing Guidance to the Directors and members of the board of administration talking with a Florida estate., please feel free to contact us meetings or actions taken by unanimous written gaining approval from admissions... Least 24 hours in advance of the HOA, so the board a... Members have an obligation to put the other owners and association board members have an obligation to do.. Following paragraphs will discuss the key components of a nonresidential or timeshare condominium this subparagraph does not the... Therefore, we strongly recommend talking with a Florida real estate lawyer to learn your rights disseminate a policy. Governed by paragraph ( j ) and rules adopted by the division these impact look... Meetings or actions taken by florida condo board approval process written possible that the elected board members by freely sharing knowledge! In addition, Companies should work closely with legal counsel to identify which actions require board if. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged with offices in.... The right to a copy of the third degree the meeting become members of respective... Not be used to provide such notice ( 2005 ) 130 Cal.App.4th 559, 572 )! The association be consulted for official purposes i would require that the elected board members by sharing. The look and feel of the respective chambers should be consulted for official purposes CHAPTER 718 official no.7! Made at least 24 hours in advance of the board of a member of association. Is governed by paragraph ( j ) and rules adopted by the division members shall be effective! Condo associations bylaws and rules bylaws and rules adopted by the division must provide the method of calling of.
Bush Turkey Poison,
Minda Ceo Resigns,
Bank Of Canada Museum Gift Shop,
Articles F